Name | Rarity | Class | Cost | Description |
Bananas | None | Any | 1 | Give a minion +1/+1. |
I Am Murloc | None | Any | 4 | Summon three, four, or five 1/1 Murlocs. |
Power of the Horde | None | Any | 4 | Summon a random Horde Warrior. |
Rogues Do It... | None | Any | 4 | Deal 4 damage. Draw a card. |
The Coin | None | Any | 0 | Gain 1 Mana Crystal this turn only. |
Excess Mana | None | Druid | 0 | Draw a card. (You can only have 10 Mana in your tray.) |
Claw | Free | Druid | 1 | Give your hero +2 Attack this turn and 2 Armor. The claw decides who will stay and who will go. |
Healing Touch | Free | Druid | 3 | Restore #8 Health. 8 Health, no waiting. |
Innervate | Free | Druid | 0 | Gain 2 Mana Crystals this turn only. Some druids still have flashbacks from strangers yelling "Innervate me!!" at them. |
Mark of the Wild | Free | Druid | 2 | Give a minion Taunt and +2/+2. (+2 Attack/+2 Health) Not to be confused with Jim of the Wild. |
Wild Growth | Free | Druid | 2 | Gain an empty Mana Crystal. Grow your own mana crystals with this Mana Crystal Growth Kit, only 39.99! |
Mark of Nature | Common | Druid | 3 | Choose One - Give a minion +4 Attack; or +4 Health and Taunt. Druids call it the "Mark of Nature." Everyone else calls it "needing a bath." |
Moonfire | Common | Druid | 0 | Deal 1 damage. "Cast Moonfire, and never stop." - How to Be a Druid, Chapter 5, Section 3 |
Naturalize | Common | Druid | 1 | Destroy a minion. Your opponent draws 2 cards. Another one bites the dust. |
Power of the Wild | Common | Druid | 2 | Choose One - Give your minions +1/+1; or Summon a 3/2 Panther. Never look a panther in the eye. Or is it 'Always look a panther in the eye'? Well, it's one of those. |
Savage Roar | Common | Druid | 3 | Give your characters +2 Attack this turn. What do they roar? Nobody can quite tell, but it sounds like "Elephant Macho Breeze". It's probably not that, though. |
Soul of the Forest | Common | Druid | 4 | Give your minions "Deathrattle: Summon a 2/2 Treant." "Reforestation" is suddenly a terrifying word. |
Starfire | Common | Druid | 6 | Deal 5 damage. Draw a card. Balance is important to druids. This card is perfectly balanced. |
Swipe | Common | Druid | 4 | Deal 4 damage to an enemy and 1 damage to all other enemies. When a bear rears back and extends his arms, he's about to Swipe! ... or hug. |
Wrath | Common | Druid | 2 | Choose One - Deal 3 damage to a minion; or 1 damage and draw a card. The talk around the Ratchet Inn is that this card is too good and should be a Legendary. |
Bite | Rare | Druid | 4 | Give your hero +4 Attack this turn and 4 Armor. Chew your food! |
Nourish | Rare | Druid | 5 | Choose One - Gain 2 Mana Crystals; or Draw 3 cards. Druids take nourishment from many things: the power of nature, the songbird's chirp, a chocolate cake. |
Savagery | Rare | Druid | 1 | Deal damage equal to your hero's Attack to a minion. It is true that some druids are savage, but others still enjoy a quiet moment and a spot of tea. |
Starfall | Rare | Druid | 5 | Choose One - Deal 5 damage to a minion; or 2 damage to all enemy minions. Is the sky falling? Yes. Yes it is. |
Force of Nature | Epic | Druid | 6 | Summon three 2/2 Treants with Charge that die at the end of the turn. "I think I'll just nap under these trees. Wait... AAAAAHHH!" - Blinkfizz, the Unfortunate Gnome |
Arcane Shot | Free | Hunter | 1 | Deal 2 damage. Magi conjured arcane arrows to sell to hunters, until hunters learned just enough magic to do it themselves. The resulting loss of jobs sent Stormwind into a minor recession. |
Multi-Shot | Free | Hunter | 4 | Deal 3 damage to two random enemy minions. You see, it's all about throughput. |
Tracking | Free | Hunter | 1 | Look at the top three cards of your deck. Draw one and discard the others. For the person who just cannot decide what card to put in their deck! |
Animal Companion | Common | Hunter | 3 | Summon a random Beast Companion. You could summon Misha, Leokk, or Huffer! Huffer is more trouble than he's worth. |
Deadly Shot | Common | Hunter | 3 | Destroy a random enemy minion. Accuracy is not a highly valued trait among the mok'nathal. Deadliness is near the top, though. |
Explosive Trap | Common | Hunter | 2 | Secret: When your hero is attacked, deal 2 damage to all enemies. It traps your food AND cooks it for you! |
Freezing Trap | Common | Hunter | 2 | Secret: When an enemy minion attacks, return it to its owner's hand and it costs (2) more. "Dang, that's cold." - appropriate response to Freezing Trap, or a mean joke. |
Hunter's Mark | Common | Hunter | 0 | Change a minion's Health to 1. Never play 'Hide and Go Seek' with a Hunter. |
Kill Command | Common | Hunter | 3 | Deal 3 damage. If you have a Beast, deal 5 damage instead. "Kill!", he commanded. |
Snipe | Common | Hunter | 2 | Secret: When your opponent plays a minion, deal 4 damage to it. A great sniper hits the spot. Just like a delicious flank of boar. Mmmmm. |
Unleash the Hounds | Common | Hunter | 2 | For each enemy minion, summon a 1/1 Hound with Charge. You must read the name of this card out loud each time you play it. |
Explosive Shot | Rare | Hunter | 5 | Deal 5 damage to a minion and 2 damage to adjacent ones. Pull the pin, count to 5, then shoot. Then duck. |
Flare | Rare | Hunter | 1 | All minions lose Stealth. Destroy all enemy Secrets. Draw a card. Not only does it reveal your enemies, but its also great for parties! |
Misdirection | Rare | Hunter | 2 | Secret: When a character attacks your hero, instead he attacks another random character. Sometimes it's as simple as putting on a fake mustache and pointing at someone else. |
Bestial Wrath | Epic | Hunter | 1 | Give a Beast +2 Attack and Immune this turn. The seething wrath is just beneath the surface. Beneath that is wild abandon, followed by slight annoyance. |
Snake Trap | Epic | Hunter | 2 | Secret: When one of your minions is attacked, summon three 1/1 Snakes. Why did it have to be snakes? |
Arcane Explosion | Free | Mage | 2 | Deal 1 damage to all enemy minions. This spell is much better than Arcane Implosion. |
Arcane Intellect | Free | Mage | 3 | Draw 2 cards. Playing this card makes you SMARTER. And let's face it: we could all stand to be a little smarter. |
Arcane Missiles | Free | Mage | 1 | Deal 3 damage randomly split among enemy characters. You'd think you'd be able to control your missiles a little better since you're a powerful mage and all. |
Fireball | Free | Mage | 4 | Deal 6 damage. This spell is useful for burning things. If you're looking for spells that toast things, or just warm them a little, you're in the wrong place. |
Polymorph | Free | Mage | 4 | Transform a minion into a 1/1 Sheep. There was going to be a pun in this flavor text, but it just came out baa-d. |
Cone of Cold | Common | Mage | 4 | Freeze a minion and the minions next to it, and deal 1 damage to them. Magi of the Kirin Tor were casting Cubes of Cold for many years before Cones came into fashion some 90 years ago. |
Flamestrike | Common | Mage | 7 | Deal 4 damage to all enemy minions. When the ground is on fire, you should not stop, drop, and roll. |
Frost Nova | Common | Mage | 3 | Freeze all enemy minions. Hey man, that's cold. Literally and metaphorically. |
Frostbolt | Common | Mage | 2 | Deal 3 damage to a character and Freeze it. It is customary to yell "Chill out!" or "Freeze!" or "Ice ice, baby!" when you play this card. |
Ice Barrier | Common | Mage | 3 | Secret: As soon as your hero is attacked, gain 8 Armor. This is Rank 1. Rank 2 is Chocolate Milk Barrier. |
Ice Lance | Common | Mage | 1 | Freeze a character. If it was already Frozen, deal 4 damage instead. The trick is not to break the lance. Otherwise, you have "Ice Pieces." Ice Pieces aren't as effective. |
Mirror Entity | Common | Mage | 3 | Secret: When your opponent plays a minion, summon a copy of it. "You go first." - Krush'gor the Behemoth, to his pet boar. |
Mirror Image | Common | Mage | 1 | Summon two 0/2 minions with Taunt. Oh hey it's Mirror Image! !egamI rorriM s'ti yeh hO |
Blizzard | Rare | Mage | 6 | Deal 2 damage to all enemy minions and Freeze them. This spell can be very Entertaining. |
Counterspell | Rare | Mage | 3 | Secret: When your opponent casts a spell, Counter it. What's the difference between a mage playing with Counterspell and a mage who isn't? The mage who isn't is getting Pyroblasted in the face. |
Vaporize | Rare | Mage | 3 | Secret: When a minion attacks your hero, destroy it. Rumor has it that Deathwing brought about the Cataclysm after losing a game to this card. We may never know the truth. |
Ice Block | Epic | Mage | 3 | Secret: When your hero takes fatal damage, prevent it and become Immune this turn. Ice is nice, and will suffice! |
Pyroblast | Epic | Mage | 10 | Deal 10 damage. Take the time for an evil laugh after you draw this card. |
Spellbender | Epic | Mage | 3 | Secret: When an enemy casts a spell on a minion, summon a 1/3 as the new target. While it's fun to intercept enemy lightning bolts, a spellbender much prefers to intercept opposing Marks of the Wild. It just feels meaner. And blood elves... well, they're a little mean. |
Blessing of Might | Free | Paladin | 1 | Give a minion +3 Attack. "As in, you MIGHT want to get out of my way." - Toad Mackle, recently buffed. |
Hammer of Wrath | Free | Paladin | 4 | Deal 3 damage. Draw a card. A good paladin has many tools. Hammer of Wrath, Pliers of Vengeance, Hacksaw of Justice, etc. |
Hand of Protection | Free | Paladin | 1 | Give a minion Divine Shield. This spell has been renamed so many times, even paladins don’t know what it should be called anymore. |
Holy Light | Free | Paladin | 2 | Restore #6 Health. If you are often bathed in Holy Light, you should consider wearing sunscreen. |
Blessing of Kings | Common | Paladin | 4 | Give a minion +4/+4. (+4 Attack/+4 Health) Given the number of kings who have been assassinated, are you sure you want their blessing? |
Blessing of Wisdom | Common | Paladin | 1 | Choose a minion. Whenever it attacks, draw a card. Apparently with wisdom comes the knowledge that you should probably be attacking every turn. |
Consecration | Common | Paladin | 4 | Deal 2 damage to all enemies. Consecrated ground glows with Holy energy. But it smells a little, too. |
Eye for an Eye | Common | Paladin | 1 | Secret: When your hero takes damage, deal that much damage to the enemy hero. Justice sometimes takes the form of a closed fist into a soft cheek. |
Humility | Common | Paladin | 1 | Change a minion's Attack to 1. This card makes something really damp. Oh wait. That's "Humidity." |
Noble Sacrifice | Common | Paladin | 1 | Secret: When an enemy attacks, summon a 2/1 Defender as the new target. We will always remember you, "Defender!" |
Redemption | Common | Paladin | 1 | Secret: When one of your minions dies, return it to life with 1 Health. I am not sure how you get demptioned the first time. It’s a mystery! |
Repentance | Common | Paladin | 1 | Secret: When your opponent plays a minion, reduce its Health to 1. Repentance often comes in the moment before obliteration. Curious. |
Blessed Champion | Rare | Paladin | 5 | Double a minion's Attack. This card causes double the trouble AND double the fun. |
Divine Favor | Rare | Paladin | 3 | Draw cards until you have as many in hand as your opponent. This is not just a favor, but a divine one, like helping someone move a couch with a fold out bed! |
Equality | Rare | Paladin | 2 | Change the Health of ALL minions to 1. We are all special unique snowflakes... with 1 Health. |
Holy Wrath | Rare | Paladin | 5 | Draw a card and deal damage equal to its cost. C'mon Molten Giant!! |
Avenging Wrath | Epic | Paladin | 6 | Deal 8 damage randomly split among enemy characters. Wham! Wham! Wham! Wham! Wham! Wham! Wham! Wham! |
Lay on Hands | Epic | Paladin | 8 | Restore #8 Health. Draw 3 cards. A grammatically awkward life saver. |
Holy Smite | Free | Priest | 1 | Deal 2 damage. It doesn't matter how pious you are. Everyone needs a good smiting now and again. |
Mind Blast | Free | Priest | 2 | Deal 5 damage to the enemy hero. This spell blasts you directly in the MIND. |
Power Word: Shield | Free | Priest | 1 | Give a minion +2 Health. |
Draw a card. Sure the extra protection is nice, but the shield really reduces visibility. | | | | |
Shadow Word: Pain | Free | Priest | 2 | Destroy a minion with 3 or less Attack. A step up from a spell cast by many beginning acolytes: "Shadow Word: Annoy". |
Circle of Healing | Common | Priest | 0 | Restore #4 Health to ALL minions. It isn't really a circle. |
Divine Spirit | Common | Priest | 2 | Double a minion's Health. Double the trouble. Double the fun! |
Holy Nova | Common | Priest | 5 | Deal 2 damage to all enemies. Restore #2 Health to all friendly characters. If the Holy Light forsakes you, good luck casting this spell. Also, you're probably a jerk. |
Inner Fire | Common | Priest | 1 | Change a minion's Attack to be equal to its Health. Good idea: Buffing your minions. Bad idea: Starting a conversation in the Barrens. |
Mind Control | Common | Priest | 10 | Take control of an enemy minion. Nominated as "Spell Most Likely to Make Your Opponent Punch the Wall." |
Mind Vision | Common | Priest | 1 | Put a copy of a random card in your opponent's hand into your hand. I see what you did there. |
Shadow Word: Death | Common | Priest | 3 | Destroy a minion with an Attack of 5 or more. If you miss, it leaves a lightning-bolt-shaped scar on your target. |
Silence | Common | Priest | 0 | Silence a minion. Reserved for enemy spellcasters, evil liches from beyond the grave, and karaoke nights at the Grim Guzzler. |
Thoughtsteal | Common | Priest | 3 | Copy 2 cards from your opponent's deck and put them into your hand. "What do you get when you cast Thoughtsteal on an Orc? Nothing!" - Tauren joke |
Holy Fire | Rare | Priest | 6 | Deal 5 damage. Restore #5 Health to your hero. Often followed by Holy Smokes! |
Mass Dispel | Rare | Priest | 4 | Silence all enemy minions. Draw a card. It dispels buffs, powers, hopes, and dreams. |
Shadow Madness | Rare | Priest | 4 | Gain control of an enemy minion with 3 or less Attack until end of turn. You can rationalize it all you want, it's still a mean thing to do. |
Mindgames | Epic | Priest | 4 | Put a copy of a random minion from your opponent's deck into the battlefield. Sometimes it feels like this is all a game. |
Shadowform | Epic | Priest | 3 | Your Hero Power becomes 'Deal 2 damage'. If already in Shadowform: 3 damage. If a bright light shines on a priest in Shadowform… do they cast a shadow? |
Assassinate | Free | Rogue | 5 | Destroy an enemy minion. If you don't want to be assassinated, move to the Barrens and change your name. Good luck! |
Backstab | Free | Rogue | 0 | Deal 2 damage to an undamaged minion. It's funny how often yelling "Look over there!" gets your opponent to turn around. |
Deadly Poison | Free | Rogue | 1 | Give your weapon +2 Attack. Rogues guard the secrets to poison-making carefully, lest magi start incorporating poison into their spells. Poisonbolt? Rain of Poison? Poison Elemental? Nobody wants that. |
Sap | Free | Rogue | 2 | Return an enemy minion to your opponent's hand. Rogues love sappy movies. |
Sinister Strike | Free | Rogue | 1 | Deal 3 damage to the enemy hero. There's something about this strike that just feels off. Sinister, even. |
Betrayal | Common | Rogue | 2 | An enemy minion deals its damage to the minions next to it. Everyone has a price. Gnomes, for example, can be persuaded by stuffed animals and small amounts of chocolate. |
Cold Blood | Common | Rogue | 1 | Give a minion +2 Attack. Combo: +4 Attack instead. "I'm cold blooded, check it and see!" |
Conceal | Common | Rogue | 1 | Give your minions Stealth until your next turn. Rogues conceal everything but their emotions. You can't get 'em to shut up about feelings. |
Eviscerate | Common | Rogue | 2 | Deal 2 damage. Combo: Deal 4 damage instead. There is a high cost to Eviscerating your opponent: It takes a long time to get blood stains out of leather armor. |
Fan of Knives | Common | Rogue | 3 | Deal 1 damage to all enemy minions. Draw a card. I wouldn't say I LOVE knives, but I'm definitely a fan. |
Shadowstep | Common | Rogue | 0 | Return a friendly minion to your hand. It costs (2) less. Rogue dance troops will sometimes Shadowstep away at the end of a performance. Crowds love it. |
Shiv | Common | Rogue | 2 | Deal 1 damage. Draw a card. Rogues are experts at SHIV-al-ry. |
Sprint | Common | Rogue | 7 | Draw 4 cards. Rogues are not good joggers. |
Vanish | Common | Rogue | 6 | Return all minions to their owner's hand. |
Blade Flurry | Rare | Rogue | 2 | Destroy your weapon and deal its damage to all enemies. "Look, it's not just about waving daggers around really fast. It's a lot more complicated than that." - Shan, Rogue Trainer |
Headcrack | Rare | Rogue | 3 | Deal 2 damage to the enemy hero. Combo: Return this to your hand next turn. When all else fails, nothing beats a swift whack upside the head. |
Preparation | Epic | Rogue | 0 | The next spell you cast this turn costs (3) less. "Be Prepared" - Rogue Motto |
Ancestral Healing | Free | Shaman | 0 | Restore a minion to full Health and give it Taunt. I personally prefer some non-ancestral right-the-heck-now healing, but maybe that is just me. |
Frost Shock | Free | Shaman | 1 | Deal 1 damage to an enemy character and Freeze it. FROST SHOCK! |
Hex | Free | Shaman | 3 | Transform a minion into a 0/1 Frog with Taunt. If you Hex a Murloc... it really isn't much of a change, is it? |
Rockbiter Weapon | Free | Shaman | 1 | Give a friendly character +3 Attack this turn. This would be real handy if your enemy is made of rock. |
Windfury | Free | Shaman | 2 | Give a minion Windfury. Windfury is like Earthfury and Firefury, but more light and airy. |
Bloodlust | Common | Shaman | 5 | Give your minions +3 Attack this turn. blaarghghLLGHRHARAAHAHHH!! |
Earth Shock | Common | Shaman | 1 | Silence a minion, then deal 1 damage to it. Earth Shock? Shouldn't it be "Azeroth Shock"? |
Forked Lightning | Common | Shaman | 1 | Deal 2 damage to 2 random enemy minions. Overload: (2) If you combine it with Spooned Lightning and Knived Lightning, you have the full dining set. |
Lightning Bolt | Common | Shaman | 1 | Deal 3 damage. Overload: (1) Lightning Bolt! Lightning Bolt! Lightning Bolt! |
Totemic Might | Common | Shaman | 0 | Give your Totems +2 Health. Totem-stomping is no longer recommended. |
Ancestral Spirit | Rare | Shaman | 2 | Choose a minion. When that minion is destroyed, return it to the battlefield. It was just a flesh wound. |
Feral Spirit | Rare | Shaman | 3 | Summon two 2/3 Spirit Wolves with Taunt. Overload: (2) Spirit wolves are like regular wolves with pom-poms. |
Lava Burst | Rare | Shaman | 3 | Deal 5 damage. Overload: (2) It's like an ocean of liquid magma in your mouth! |
Lightning Storm | Rare | Shaman | 3 | Deal 2-3 damage to all enemy minions. Overload: (2) An umbrella won't be effective, I'm afraid. |
Far Sight | Epic | Shaman | 3 | Draw a card. That card costs (3) less. Drek'thar can't see, but he can see. You know what I mean? It's ok if you don't. |
Drain Life | Free | Warlock | 3 | Deal 2 damage. Restore #2 Health to your hero. "I've just sucked one year of your life away." |
Hellfire | Free | Warlock | 4 | Deal 3 damage to ALL characters. It's spells like these that make it hard for Warlocks to get decent help. |
Shadow Bolt | Free | Warlock | 3 | Deal 4 damage to a minion. It’s a Bolt. Its made out of Shadow. What more do you need to know! |
Corruption | Common | Warlock | 1 | Choose an enemy minion. At the start of your turn, destroy it. It starts with stealing a pen from work, and before you know it, BOOM! Corrupted! |
Demonfire | Common | Warlock | 2 | Deal 2 damage to a minion. If it’s a friendly Demon, give it +2/+2 instead. Demonfire is like regular fire except for IT NEVER STOPS BURNING HELLLPPP |
Mortal Coil | Common | Warlock | 1 | Deal 1 damage to a minion. If that kills it, draw a card. If your spells look like horrifying skulls, let's be honest, you should get to draw some cards. |
Power Overwhelming | Common | Warlock | 1 | Give a friendly minion +4/+4 until end of turn. Then, it dies. Horribly. We cannot even describe how horrible the death is. It's CRAZY bad! Maybe worse than that. Just don't do it. |
Sacrificial Pact | Common | Warlock | 0 | Destroy a Demon. Restore #5 Health to your hero. This is the reason that Demons never really become friends with Warlocks. |
Sense Demons | Common | Warlock | 3 | Put 2 random Demons from your deck into your hand. Generally demons are pretty obvious and you don’t need a spell to sense them. |
Soulfire | Common | Warlock | 0 | Deal 4 damage. Discard a random card. Are you lighting a soul on fire? Or burning someone with your OWN soul? This seems like an important distinction. |
Shadowflame | Rare | Warlock | 4 | Destroy a friendly minion and deal its Attack damage to all enemy minions. Start with a powerful minion and stir in Shadowflame and you have a good time! |
Siphon Soul | Rare | Warlock | 6 | Destroy a minion. Restore #3 Health to your hero. You probably should avoid siphoning your own soul. You might create some kind of weird infinite loop. |
Bane of Doom | Epic | Warlock | 5 | Deal 2 damage to a character. If that kills it, summon a random Demon. My advice to you is to avoid Doom, if possible. |
Twisting Nether | Epic | Warlock | 8 | Destroy all minions. The Twisting Nether is a formless place of magic and illusion and destroyed minions. |
Charge | Free | Warrior | 3 | Give a friendly minion +2 Attack and Charge. "Guys! Guys! Slow down!" - some kind of non-warrior minion |
Execute | Free | Warrior | 1 | Destroy a damaged enemy minion. It's okay, he deserved it. |
Heroic Strike | Free | Warrior | 2 | Give your hero +4 Attack this turn. Really, if you're a hero, this is every strike. |
Battle Rage | Common | Warrior | 2 | Draw a card for each damaged friendly character. "You won't like me when I'm angry." |
Cleave | Common | Warrior | 2 | Deal 2 damage to two random enemy minions. Hey you two…could you stand next to each other for a second… |
Inner Rage | Common | Warrior | 0 | Deal 1 damage to a minion and give it +2 Attack. They're only smiling on the outside. |
Rampage | Common | Warrior | 2 | Give a damaged minion +3/+3. Minion get ANGRY. Minion SMASH! |
Shield Block | Common | Warrior | 3 | Gain 5 Armor. Draw a card. Shields were invented because Face Block is USELESS. |
Slam | Common | Warrior | 2 | Deal 2 damage to a minion. If it survives, draw a card. "Dun da dun, dun da dun": if you've heard an ogre sing this, it's too late. |
Whirlwind | Common | Warrior | 1 | Deal 1 damage to ALL minions. The way to tell seasoned warriors from novice ones: the novices yell "wheeeee" while whirlwinding. |
Commanding Shout | Rare | Warrior | 2 | Your minions can't be reduced below 1 Health this turn. Draw a card. "Shout! Shout! Let it all out!" - Advice to warriors-in-training |
Mortal Strike | Rare | Warrior | 4 | Deal 4 damage. If your hero has 12 or less Health, deal 6 damage instead. "If you only use one ability, use Mortal Strike." - The Warrior Code, Line 6 |
Upgrade! | Rare | Warrior | 1 | If you have a weapon, give it +1/+1. Otherwise equip a 1/3 weapon. Easily worth 50 DKP. |
Brawl | Epic | Warrior | 5 | Destroy all minions except one. (chosen randomly) Do you know the first rule of Brawl Club? |
Shield Slam | Epic | Warrior | 1 | Deal 1 damage to a minion for each Armor you have. "What is a better weapon? The sharp one your enemies expect, or the blunt one they ignore?" - The Art of Warrior, Chapter 9 |